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This
is an assignment in which you will submit a sermon preached or lesson taught on
a theological subject covered in the class. Your sermon or lesson should be
primarily derived from a single biblical passage. That is, it should largely
consist of an exposition of the theological doctrine taught by a passage of
Scripture, although it may necessarily utilize and reference additional
Scriptures in the exposition of the primary text. It should not, however, be a
topical sermon. Your sermon or lesson should be designed to introduce and
explain from the biblical text a particular doctrine in a way that is
comprehensible to a well-educated but non-theological audience. It should make
the theology coming from the text understandable to an ordinary Christian. It should
not read like a systematic theology book, nor should it be addressed to
theologians. The sermon or lesson will be graded according to the rubric
available on Moodle.
Please
Submit: A. A manuscript of the sermon or lesson written in full sentences as
though you were reading it to your audience. B. A bibliography of works used in
the preparation of the sermon. You should consult at least ten relevant works.
These may include monographs (books about your subject), journal articles (you
need to use EBSCO), commentaries (whether electronic or paper), and scholarly
theological works (there are scholarly, popular-level, erroneous, and heretical
theological works available on the internet; choose wisely).
NOTE:
The length of the sermon/lesson should be long enough to fill a 30-45-minute
time slot.  That is the usual length of
time one will have to present a sermon or lesson. You should be able to read it
aloud in not more than 45 minutes. Most sermons are expected to be 25 to 35
minutes, so being concise is important. 
This exercise will help you present theological topics in a time
restrained setting.
Introduction
A significant portion of a student’s academic experience at the Baptist Missionary
Association Theological Seminary involves writing assignments and research papers. The great
majority of students seeking a theological degree already are or will be involved in ministry
positions that require the need to communicate clearly to a group of people. A primary means of
communication is through writing. The professors and staff at BMATS desire for students to
possess proficiency and skill in writing once they graduate from this institution. Part of the
writing experience in seminary involves adhering to a particular style manual.
The purpose of this supplemental guide is to provide the student with concise instructions
and examples of what a proper research paper should look like. BMATS utilizes the Turabian
format style for research papers. The school is using the most current edition of A Manual for
Writers of Research Papers, Theses, and Dissertations, 9th edition. While the Turabian manual
itself can be quite overwhelming for the student to follow, this supplemental guide is provided to
assist the student by streamlining the major components that concern most writing assignments,
especially research papers. While this brief synopsis will be a good guide to follow, students
should familiarize themselves with the 9th edition of the Turabian manual. The school possesses
copies of this manual in the Kellar Library, but students are encouraged to obtain their own copy.
Most of the information in this supplemental guide strictly follows Turabian formatting;
however, there may be items in this guide that are the preferences of BMA Seminary. Where this
guide may differ from Turabian, always follow the guidelines presented in this supplement.
Individual professors may also prefer slight differences in certain aspects of writing a research
paper. When this is the case, professors will alert you to those changes.
Throughout this supplemental guide, students will be directed to sections of the 9th
edition of Turabian where appropriate using parenthetical notes.
4
Setting Up the Computer
The first thing that must be done before beginning any writing assignment is making sure
the word processor contains the correct settings. Unless allowed by your professor, students
should submit their papers using Microsoft Word. The following are some of the common
settings that need to be used:
 Font – Times New Roman, 12 point font, is the standard font and size for writing
assignments at BMATS (A.1.2, p. 385). Microsoft Word usually has a different default
font (Calibri, 11 point font), and so this will have to be changed. Fonts can be easily
changed by going to the top left portion of the toolbar in Word.
 Margins – Unless writing a thesis, the margins for regular research papers should be 1″
for all margins. This is the usual default setting in Microsoft Word. When writing a
Masters’ thesis, the left margin should be set at 1 ½” to allow room for binding (A.1.1, p.
384). To fix the margins, click on “page layout” on the toolbar, and then click on
“Margins” to set the proper margins.
 Indentations – The first sentence of every new paragraph in a paper should be indented
½ inch from the left margin. Also, when inserting a block quote, the entire block quote
should be indented ½ inch from the left margin (see example in Appendix D). The tab
default in Word is already set at ½” intervals.
 Spacing – It is important to have proper spacing throughout the paper so that everything
is uniform and neat. Adhere to the following spacing guidelines as the paper is written:
 Leave only one space between punctuation and beginning of next sentence.
 The entire paper should be double-spaced except for block quotes.
 Individual footnotes are single-spaced, but there should be a space between each
footnote.
 Place a space between initials of a name (ex. C. H. Spurgeon) (24.2.1, p. 345).
 Longer quotes exceeding four lines of text should be indented from the left
margin and single spaced (7.5, p. 78).
 Page Numbering – The typical placement of numbering pages is in the header flush with
the right margin. In Word, click on “Insert” on the toolbar, and then click “Page Number”
(A.1.4.2, p. 386).
5
Formatting a Title Page
A formal research paper should contain a title page that includes the title of the paper,
name of student, class information, and date. The title should begin one-third of the way down
the page and be centered. If there is a main title and a subtitle, the main title is placed on one line
followed by a colon and the subtitle is placed on another line with a space in between the main
title and subtitle. Several lines below the title the student should place his/her name on one line,
the name of the class on another line, followed by the date the paper is due (there should be a
space between each item). It is always proper to consult with the professor to see if any other
elements are required on the title page. The title page is not numbered (see Appendix A)
(A.2.1.2, p. 388).
Formatting a Table of Contents Page
Turabian does not require a contents page unless the work is divided into separate
chapters (A.2.1.7, p. 390). If the professor requires a contents page, be sure to follow the
example in the second page of this guide. The word CONTENTS should be centered at the top of
the page in all caps. The first item in a contents page for a research paper should be the
INTRODUCTION. Major headings should be placed in all caps flush with the left margin.
Subheadings should be indented ½ inch under the major headings. The contents page should be
double-spaced using dot leaders with page numbers where each section begins following dot
leaders and flush with the right margin (set tab stop at 6.5″). Besides the major headings the last
two items on the contents page should be a CONLUSION and SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY
(instead of a selected bibliography, some professors may prefer a BIBLIOGRAPHY of sources
actually used in the paper).
Formatting Footnotes
Turabian format style requires footnotes be placed at the bottom of the page to include
sources cited. Always use footnotes unless directed otherwise by the professor. Keep the
following items in mind when formatting your footnotes. Examples of specific types of footnotes
are included on p. 6-7 of this manual and Appendix B.
 There should be a separator line between the body of text and the footnotes (this is
already defaulted in Word).
 The first line of each footnote should be indented ½ inch from the left margin, while
subsequent lines are flush with the left margin.
 Footnotes should be numbered consecutively throughout the paper using a superscript
number.
 Footnotes should be Times New Roman, 10 point font.
 Use author’s first name first in a footnote.
 Provide a full bibliographic entry the first time a source is cited. For subsequent footnotes
using the same source – include author’s last name, title of work, and page number (these
shortened footnotes should fit on one line and so at times it may require the student to use
a shortened title of the work if necessary).
 Use Ibid. when citing the same source consecutively.
 Individual footnotes should be single-spaced; place one space between each footnote.
6
Footnote for Monographs: (see how to do the Bibliographic entry of these examples, p. 9-10)
1Henry Sloan Coffin, The Meaning of the Cross (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons,
1932), 17.
2
F. F. Bruce, The Canon of Scripture (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 1988), 78.
Footnote for Monographs with multiple authors:
3D. A. Carson and Douglas J. Moo, An Introduction to the New Testament, 2nd ed.
(Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2005), 56.
4David Johnson, Jackson L. Ridley, and Beau Trammel, The Exciting Adventure in
Disciple-Making (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2001), 74.
Footnote for Monographs with later editions:
5
Thomas J. Crawford, The Doctrine of Holy Scripture Respecting the Atonement, 4th ed.
(Grand Rapids: Baker, 1954), 217.
6Millard J. Erickson, Christian Theology, 2nd ed. (Grand Rapids: Baker, 2000), 47.
Footnote for Monographs with reprint editions:
7Randall Jarrell, Pictures from an Institution: A Comedy (1954; repr., Chicago:
University of Chicago Press, 2010), 79-80.
8Charles Dickens, Pictures from Italy (1846; repr., Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press, 2011), 35.
Footnote for Monographs in a multi-volume set:
9
James George Frazer, The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion, vol. 1 (New
York: Macmillan, 1940), 72.
10Norman L. Geisler, Systematic Theology: Sin and Salvation, vol. 3 (Minneapolis:
Bethany House, 2010), 47.
Footnote for Commentaries not in a series:
11E. M. Blaiklock, Commentary on the New Testament (Old Tappan, NJ: Fleming H.
Revell, 1977), 42.
12Clyde L. Breland, Assurance of Divine Fellowship: A Popular Exposition of the First
Epistle of John (Nashville: Broadman, 1939), 112.
7
Footnote for Commentaries as Part of a Series:
13Leon Morris, The Gospel According to Matthew, in The Pillar New Testament
Commentary, ed. D. A. Carson (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1992), 429.
14Gordon J. Wenham, The Book of Leviticus, in The New International Commentary On
the Old Testament, eds. R. K. Harrison and Robert L. Hubbard, Jr. (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans,
1979), 29.
Footnote for Journal Articles:
15Victor Bartling, “We Love Because He Loves Us First (1 John 4:7-21),” Concordia
Theological Monthly 23, no. 12 (1952): 874.
16Leon Morris, “The Wrath of God,” Expository Times 63, no. 5 (Fall 1952): 144.
Footnote for Journal Articles found online:
17Sydney H. T. Page, “Revelation 20 and Pauline Eschatology,” Journal of the
Evangelical Theological Society 23, no. 1 (March 1980): 31, accessed March 21, 2015, ATLA
Religion Database with ATLASerials, EBSCOhost.
18Jeffrey A. D. Weima, “The Slaying of Satan’s Superman and the Sure Salvation of the
Saints: Paul’s Apocalyptic Word of Comfort (2 Thessalonians 2:1-17), Calvin Theological
Journal 41, no. 1 (April 2006): 77, accessed March 31, 2015, ATLA Religion Database with
ATLASerials, EBSCOhost.
Footnote for Reference Works:
19Francis Brown, S. R. Driver, and Charles A. Briggs, The Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew
and English Lexicon (Peabody, MA: Hendrickson, 2000), s. v. “כפר.”
20Donald G. Bloesch, Holman Bible Dictionary, ed. Trent C. Butler (Nashville: Holman,
1991), s. v. “Expiation, Propitiation.”
Footnote for Ancient Sources:
21Homer, The Illiad,1.440, in Loeb Classical Library, trans. A. T. Murray, ed. G. P.
Goold (London: William Heinemann LTD, 1928), 36.
22Chrysostom, Exposita in Psalm 129:4, A Patristic Greek Lexicon, ed. G. W. H. Lampe,
(Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1961), 84.
8
Formatting Bibliography (A.2.3.5, p. 411)
Every solid research paper needs a list of the sources used to gather research. Such a list
helps the reader to know what sources were used and may be of benefit for those wanting to
research the topic further. Most professors will require one of two types of bibliographies:
Selected Bibliography or Bibliography. A Selected Bibliography is not only a list of sources
cited in the paper, but also other sources that were consulted in the process of research but not
used. The other type is merely listing in the bibliography only those sources used. Students
should consult with their professor about which type to use in his/her class. Another type of
bibliography is called an annotated bibliography which includes not only the typical
bibliographical information, but also a brief synopsis of what is included in the work. Here are
some things to keep in mind when formatting the bibliography:
 Bibliographies are alphabetized according to author’s last name.
 If more than one work is cited by the same author, the full name is given with the first
entry, then use a blank line in place of author’s name in subsequent entries alphabetized
by title of work.
 The top of the page should be labeled, Bibliography, followed by two blank spaces.
 A bibliography uses hanging indentions where the first line of the bibliographic
reference is not indented, but subsequent lines are indented.
Formatting Headings in the Paper (A.2.2.4, p. 404-5)
FIRST LEVEL
Second Level
Third Level
Fourth level
Fifth level.
 The first level heading should be in all caps and centered.
 The second level heading should be centered using regular type.
 The third level heading should be flush with the left margin and in italics.
 The fourth level heading should be flush with the left margin using regular type.
 The fifth level heading should run in at the beginning of the paragraph using bold face
type and followed by a period.
9
Bibliographic entry for Monographs:
Coffin, Henry Sloan. The Meaning of the Cross. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1932.
Bruce, F. F. The Canon of Scripture. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 1988.
Bibliographic entry for Monographs with multiple authors:
Carson, D. A. and Douglas J. Moo. An Introduction to the New Testament, 2nd ed. Grand
Rapids: Zondervan, 2005.
Johnson, David, Jackson L. Ridley, and Beau Trammel. The Exciting Adventure in DiscipleMaking. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2001.
Bibliographic entry for Monographs with later editions:
Crawford, Thomas J. The Doctrine of Holy Scripture Respecting the Atonement, 4th ed. Grand
Rapids: Baker, 1954.
Erickson, Millard J. Christian Theology, 2nd ed. Grand Rapids: Baker, 2000).
Bibliographic entry for Monographs with reprint editions:
Jarrell, Randall. Pictures from an Institution: A Comedy. 1954. Reprint, Chicago: University of
Chicago Press, 2010.
Dickens, Charles. Pictures from Italy. 1846. Reprint, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,
2011.
Bibliographic entry for Monographs in a multi-volume set:
Frazer, James George. The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion. Vol. 1. New York:
Macmillan, 1940.
Geisler, Normal L. Systematic Theology: Sin and Salvation. Vol. 3. Minneapolis: Bethany
House, 2010.
Bibliographic entry for Commentaries not in a series:
Blaiklock, E. M. Commentary on the New Testament. Old Tappan, NJ: Fleming H. Revell, 1977.
Breland, Clyde L. Assurance of Divine Fellowship: A Popular Exposition of the First Epistle of
John. Nashville: Broadman, 1939.
10
Bibliographic entry for Commentaries as Part of a Series:
Morris, Leon. The Gospel According to Matthew. In The Pillar New Testament Commentary.
Edited by D. A. Carson Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1992.
Wenham, Gordan J. The Book of Leviticus. In The New International Commentary On the Old
Testament. Edited by R. K. Harrison and Robert L. Hubbard, Jr. Grand Rapids:
Eerdmans, 1979.
B

ibliographic entry for Journal Articles:
Bartling, Victor. “We Love Because He Loves Us First (1 John 4:7-21).” Concordia Theological
Monthly 23, no. 12 (1952): 867-889.
Morris, Leon. “The Wrath of God.” Expository Times 63, no. 5 (Fall 1952): 127-151.
Bibliographic entry for Journal Articles found online:
Page, Sydney H. T. “Revelation 20 and Pauline Eschatology.” Journal of the Evangelical
Theological Society 23, no. 1 (March 1980): 15-33. Accessed March 21, 2015, ATLA
Religion Database with ATLASerials, EBSCOhost.
Weima, Jeffrey A. D. “The Slaying of Satan’s Superman and the Sure Salvation of the Saints:
Paul’s Apocalyptic Word of Comfort (2 Thessalonians 2:1-17).” Calvin Theological
Journal 41, no. 1 (April 2006): 56-81. Accessed March 31, 2015, ATLA Religion
Database with ATLASerials, EBSCOhost.
Footnote for Reference Works:
Brown, Francis, S. R. Driver, and Charles A. Briggs. The Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and
English Lexicon. Peabody, MA: Hendrickson, 2000, s. v. “כפר.”
Bloesch, Donald G. Holman Bible Dictionary. Edited by Trent C. Butler. Nashville: Holman,
1991, s. v. “Expiation, Propitiation.”
Footnote for Ancient Sources:
Homer. The Illiad,1.440. In Loeb Classical Library. Translated by A. T. Murray. Edited by G. P.
Goold. London: William Heinemann LTD, 1928.
Chrysostom. Exposita in Psalm 129:4. A Patristic Greek Lexicon. Edited by G. W. H. Lampe.
Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1961.
11
Using Proper Citation
(7.9, p. 87; 15.1, p. 139; 25.1, p. 358)
Plagiarism is a most serious offense in the world of academia. Plagiarism is the stealing
of the intellectual property of another. Even unintentional plagiarism is still plagiarism, though
perhaps not as serious or culpable. It is imperative, therefore, to use proper citation of sources to
avoid plagiarizing.
When a researcher is including the exact words from another author, this information
needs to be set off using quotation marks or a block quote for longer quotations. Single quotation
marks should be used inside of double quotation marks. A block quote does not need to be set off
by commas. Such quotations need to be properly introduced, typically using the author’s name.
When quoting an author for the first time in a paper, the writer should use the full name of the
author. For subsequent quotations from the same author, use the author’s last name only. The
student should not introduce quotes the same way throughout the paper, but should use a variety
of introductions. For example, do not introduce every quote by stating, Sam Johnson wrote, ” . . .
Depending upon the context of the discussion in the paper, it may be appropriate at times to say,
Sam Johnson conjectured, “. . . or Sam Johnson agreed, ” . . . or According to Sam Johnson, ” . . .
The following are examples of proper citations within a paper:
 According to Adamson, James skillfully “makes the unconscious impatience of primitive
Christianity a basis for his exhortation to conscious patience…this is the most important
aspect of James’ eschatology.”18
 Dan G. McCartney concluded, ” The health of the community depends on the health of its
members, and the prayer life of one is the prayer life of all.”
65
 Erickson described the Kingdom of Christ as, “dramatically or cataclysmically
inaugurated by the second coming.”15
When a writer is not quoting an author exactly, but is summarizing the ideas of that
author, that section in the paper needs to be properly footnoted. Even though the student may be
using his own words to describe what another author stated in his work, it is still the ideas of that
author and proper credit must be given.
When a student is using his/her own words along with his/her ideas, nothing needs to be
cited in this instance. The student’s own words and ideas are the intellectual property of that
student.
The following is taken from the BMATS Student Handbook on Plagiarism:
Although any writing assignment calls for the student’s own thinking on a particular
subject, a research paper, by definition, must also be related to the work of individuals other than
the writer of the paper. Inherent in such a requirement is the risk of committing a serious error in
writing known generally as plagiarism— an error so serious as to constitute “outright fraud” in
12
many cases (Allan A. Metcalf, Research to the Point, San Diego: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich,
Publishers, 1991).
To say that plagiarism is failure to give credit where credit is due is to oversimplify the
issue. Not only must the writer cite the source of any quoted or paraphrased material, he or she
must also give credit (at the very least, in the bibliography of the paper) to any source that
influenced the writer’s thinking on and approach to the topic. Failure to do so constitutes
plagiarism.
Furthermore, proper form is essential for adequate documentation of sources consulted or
utilized. For example, the student must designate exact quotations by quotation marks (or, for
longer quotes, indented single-spaced lines). Normally, exact page numbers for sources quoted
should be placed in footnotes according to Turabian style—not with parentheses (the superscript
number in the body should be placed at the end of each citation).
The writer should avoid excessive use of quotations. Borrowing the exact wording of
another writer should be saved for the particularly eloquent expressions or for technical
explanations or tedious explanations difficult for the student to summarize. Usually the student
should summarize in his or her own words the content of sources consulted on a particular topic.
This demonstrates that the student understands and has begun to assimilate the material utilized.
However, unless this usage of sources is documented by footnotes or other means (providing the
specific page numbers), the result is plagiarism. The use of writings from the Internet, when
falsely presented as a student’s own work, is considered grounds for suspension from the
seminary.
Paraphrasing and summarizing another writer may become plagiarism if the sentence
structure or phrases of the original are used. Changing a few words with synonyms or reversing
the order of words or clauses in a sentence without giving credit is plagiarism. “When you
paraphrase, you must state in your own words what another writer believes or argues” (Lyn
Paulos & Rosemaria Menager-Beeley, Understanding Plagiarism: A Student Guide to Writing
Your Own Work, Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2006). Summarizing involves more than omitting
some sentences, words, or clauses from the original writer. Any work you submit with your
name on it is assumed to be original writing, unless you indicate you are using another’s work.
The rule of thumb is: “When in doubt, cite!”
13
Traditional Scripture Abbreviations (24.6.1, p. 352)
Old Testament (OT):
Full Title Abbreviation Full Title Abbreviation
Genesis Gen. Ecclesiastes Eccles.
Exodus Exod. Song of Solomon Song of Sol.
Leviticus Lev. Isaiah Isa.
Numbers Num. Jeremiah Jer.
Deuteronomy Deut. Lamentations Lam.
Joshua Josh. Ezekiel Ezek.
Judges Judg. Daniel Dan.
Ruth Ruth Hosea Hosea
1 Samuel 1 Sam. Joel Joel
2 Samuel 2 Sam. Amos Amos
1 Kings 1 Kings Obadiah Obad.
2 Kings 2 Kings Jonah Jon.
1 Chronicles 1 Chron. Micah Mic.
2 Chronicles 2 Chron. Nahum Nah.
Ezra Ezra Habakkuk Hab.
Nehemiah Neh. Zephaniah Zeph.
Esther Esther Haggai Hag.
Job Job Zechariah Zech.
Psalms Ps./Pss. Malachi Mal.
Proverbs Prov.
New Testament (NT):
Full Title Abbreviation Full Title Abbreviation
Matthew Matt. 1 Timothy 1 Tim.
Mark Mark 2 Timothy 2 Tim.
Luke Luke Titus Titus
John John Philemon Philem.
Acts Acts Hebrews Heb.
Romans Rom. James James
1 Corinthians 1 Cor. 1 Peter 1 Pet.
2 Corinthians 2 Cor. 2 Peter 2 Pet.
Galatians Gal. 1 John 1 John
Ephesians Eph. 2 John 2 John
Philippians Phil. 3 John 3 John
Colossians Col. Jude Jude
1 Thessalonians 1 Thess. Revelation Rev.
2 Thessalonians 2 Thess.
14
Common Errors to Avoid in Writing
See “The Forge” on the Moodle homepage for more information
1. Proper use of commas
a. Use commas with an introductory word or phrase.
i. “Frankly, that was a terrible episode in history.”
ii. “Due to his harrowing experience, John refuses to fish for sharks.”
b. Use commas to set off a dependent clause.
i. “Jackson, while driving to the store, listened to his favorite music.”
ii. “Percy, as he was walking home, talked to his best friend.”
c. Use commas to set off a parenthetic expression.
i. “The best way to study for an exam, unless you are a procrastinator, is to
begin weeks before the actual test date.”
ii. “The baseball team played hard, unless you count that one inning, the
entire game.”
d. Use commas with items in a series. Always use a comma before the conjunction
that introduces the last item (21.2.2).
i. “Betty has orange, purple, black, and red shoes.”
ii. “Darren asked Bob, Fred, John, Brian, and Jerry to stop talking.”
e. Use commas when introducing a quote.
i. C. H. Spurgeon conjectured, ” . . .
ii. C. S. Lewis wrote, ” . . .
2. Keep writing in the simple past tense
a. Passive past tense: “John had written to his girlfriend.”
b. Simple past tense: “John wrote to his girlfriend.”
3. Write in the active voice
a. Passive voice: On April 19, 1775, arms were seized at Concord, precipitating the
American Revolution.
b. Active voice: On April 19, 1775, British soldiers seized arms at Concord,
precipitating the American Revolution.
4. Avoid wordiness in writing. Keep your writing concise and to the point.
5. Avoid the use of contractions in formal writing.
a. Incorrect: don’t; isn’t; wouldn’t
b. Correct: do not; is not; would not
15
6. Formal writing should be written in the third person.
a. I believe Johnson was wrong in his conclusion. (1st person)
This writer believes Johnson was wrong in his conclusion. (3rd person)
b. We believe such practices do not belong in the church. (1st person)
The members believe such practices do not belong in the church. (3rd person)
c. You should not believe such heresy. (2nd person)
A person should not believe such heresy. (3rd person)
7. Improper subject/verb agreement
a. Incorrect: “The sisters were told that she should wash the dishes.”
b. Correct: “The sisters were told that they should wash the dishes.”
8. Punctuation, such as periods and commas should be placed inside of quotation marks.
a. John stated, “There is no reason to allow heresy in the church.”
b. Mary objected, “Stop eating the ice cream,” but Steven kept on eating.
9. Question marks and exclamation points precede a closing quotation mark if they are part
of the quoted matter.
a. Incorrect: Her poem is titled, “What Did the Crow Know”?
b. Correct: Her poem is titled, “What Did the Crow Know?”
10. Question marks and exclamations points follow a closing quotation mark if they apply to
the entire sentence where the quotation appears.
a. Incorrect: Do we accept Jefferson’s concept of “a natural aristocracy?”
b. Correct: Do we accept Jefferson’s concept of “a natural aristocracy”?
11. Semicolons and colons always follow quotation marks (Ex. – He claimed that “every
choice reflects an attitude toward Everyman”; his speech then enlarged on that point.)
12. Failure to use past tense when introducing quotations
a. Incorrect: F. F. Bruce states, ” . . . Correct: F. F. Bruce stated, ” . . .
b. Incorrect: H. L. Bond comments, ” . . . Correct: H. L. Bond commented, ” . . .
13. Improper use of there/their
a. “No students should place their book over there by the heater.”
b. “Students should be sure to edit their papers carefully.”
14. Split infinitives
a. Incorrect: “John failed to quickly stand when answering the question.”
b. Correct: “John failed to stand quickly when answering the question.”
15. Ending a sentence with a preposition
a. Incorrect: Barry drove to the club he was a member of.
b. Correct: Barry drove to the club of which he was a member.
16
Appendix A: Sample Title Page (A.2.1.2, p. 388; Figure A.1, p. 391)
Debating Doctrine:
An Overview of Pauline Eschatology
John D. Student
NT512: New Testament Introduction and Survey 2
April 27, 2015
17
Appendix B: Sample Footnotes
1Colin G. Kruse, The Letters of John, in The Pillar New Testament Commentary, ed. D.
A. Carson, (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2000), 73.
2
Leon Morris, The Apostolic Preaching of the Cross (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1972),
129.
3Karen H. Jobes and Moisés Silva, Invitation to the Septuagint (Grand Rapids: Baker,
2000), 33.
4William G. T. Shedd, Dogmatic Theology, vol. 2 (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1971), 390.
5
Ibid., 391.
6Morris, The Apostolic Preaching of the Cross, 133.
7Richard H. Sueme, “Divine Propitiation,” Bibliotheca Sacra 100, no. 398 (April-June
1943): 291.
8D. A. Carson, “Atonement in Romans 3:21-26,” in The Glory of the Atonement, Charles
E. Hill and Frank A. James, eds. (Downers Grove, IL: IVP Academic, 2004), 129.
9Barry Clyde Joslin, “Getting Up to Speed: An Essential Introduction to 1 John,”
Southern Baptist Journal of Theology 10, no. 3 (2006): 6.
10Augustine, Tractates on the First Epistle of John: Tractate 1, The Fathers of the
Church: A New Translation, vol. 92, John W. Rettig, trans., Thomas P. Halton, ed. (Washington,
D. C.: The Catholic University of America, 1995), 131.
11Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary, 11th ed., s. v. “etymology,” Electronic
edition in Logos Bible Software Series X: Scholar’s Gold Library, Oak Harbor, WA: Logos
Research Systems, 2008.
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Appendix C: Sample Bibliography
Bibliography
Bartsch, Hans Werner. “Paul’s eschatology and its meaning today.” Brethren Life And
Thought 12, no. 3 (June 1, 1967): 4-10. ATLA Religion Database with ATLASerials,
EBSCOhost (accessed March 31, 2015).
Braumann, G. s.v., “ .” Edited by Lothar Coenen, Erich Beyreuther, and Hans
Bietenhard. New International Dictionary of New Testament Theology. Grand Rapids,
MI: Zondervan, 1986.
Constable, Thomas L. “1 Thessalonians.” In The Bible Knowledge Commentary: An Exposition
of the Scriptures, edited by J. F. Walvoord and R. B. Zuck, 2:689. Wheaton, IL: Victor
Books, 1985.
Dean, David A. “Does 2 Thessalonians 2:1-3 exclude the pretribulational rapture?.” Bibliotheca
Sacra 168, no. 670 (April 1, 2011): 193-216.
Erickson, Millard J. Contemporary Options in Eschatology: a Study of the Millennium. Grand
Rapids, MI: Baker Book House, 1977.
Grudem, Wayne. Systematic Theology: an Introduction to Biblical Doctrine. Grand Rapids, MI:
Zondervan, 1994.
Lange, John Peter, Philip Schaff, C. A. Auberlen, C. J. Riggenbach, and John Lillie. A
Commentary on the Holy Scriptures: 1 & 2 Thessalonians. Bellingham, WA: Logos
Bible Software, 2008.
Rogers, Cleon L. Jr, and Cleon L. Rogers III. The New Linguistic and Exegetical Key to the
Greek New Testament. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan Publishing House, 1998.
Schaff, Philip, and David Schley Schaff. History of the Christian Church. Vol. 7. New York:
Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1910.
Shires, Henry M., The Eschatology of Paul in the Light of Modern Scholarship. Philadelphia,
PA: The Westminster Press, 1961.
Zuber, Kevin D.,“The meaning of ἀπάντη ις in 1 Thessalonians 4:17: ‘Meeting the Dignitary,’
or ‘Retrieving the Bride’?” Pre-Trib Research Center. Accessed February 7, 2015.
http://www.pre-trib.org/data/pdf/Zuber-1Thessalonians417and.pdf
19
Appendix D: Example of a Block Quote
In fact, Paul specifically wrote to them saying, “For God has not destined us for wrath,”
(5:9). To this end, the Amillennialist, Postmillennialist, and Posttribulationist would argue as
Erickson stated:
Often the pretribulationist argues that the church will surely not be exposed to God’s
wrath. This the posttribulationist readily concedes; in fact he insists upon the point. The
posttribulationist frequently distinguishes between the great tribulation and the wrath of
God. The tribulation, which is in part inflicted by non-Christians and the devil, will be
experienced by all who are alive and on earth at the time. The wrath of God will overlap
with the tribulation, but is intended only for the wicked; the saints of God will be spared
from it.1
Feinberg disagreed, and provided the apt rejoinder, “For a posttribulationist to claim . . .
20
Appendix E: Sample Pages
It was proven in a previous section that the usage of ἱλ μός is consistent with assuaging
wrath, but it is Jesus Christ who does the propitiating and not man. Victor Bartling rightly stated,