With the increased development in digital age such as the widely use of mobile phones, the phenomena of news publication also changed, basically from print-only to either online-only or both. In the following four journal studies, it will demonstrate the adaption of news work through the changes, like readers favourable news factors published online, the affects to journalists and editors to the change of journalism, the transform to absolute online-only news and the effect on local commercial news. Buhl, F., Günthe, E., & Quandt, T. (2019). Bad News Travels Fastest: A Computational Approach to Predictors of Immediacy in Digital Journalism Ecosystems. Digital Journalism, 7(7), 910931. Florian, Elisabeth and Thorsten, who are from the Department of Communication in University of Muenster, have developed an ecosystem perspective to examine the prevalence of immediacy in digital news work. The diffusion processes of 95 news events within 28 online news sites in Germany, published between June 2013 and March 2014 have been studied to test whether different event attributes and the time of the day would affect the diffusion rate in digital
news work. By pooling the first report of every particular events, the authors have calculated the time lag between the earliest coverage from other news sites and also used the time stamp of the first released online news article of an event to record whether the diffusion was emerged from daytime (7 a.m. to 7 p.m.) or at night-time (7 p.m. to 7 a.m.) to compare the speed of diffusion. According to the result of the study, the authors concluded that among the ten news factors, seven factors have made no difference in the initial phase of digital diffusion processes, while factors related to prominence and damage experienced a positively accelerating rate of digital diffusion after the first report. Surprisingly, the last factor, reach, got a reverse dynamic which means that events affecting a smaller group in society would experience a faster accumulation at the beginning of diffusion processes of the first report. Lastly, this paper also illustrated that there was a steady increase of diffusion during daytime and slower rise at night-time. However, the rise would continue to increase and even exceeds the rate of daytime after 10 hours.