Additionally, students face many difficulties when writing, in the article it shows examples on the university students who wrote essays for Bartholomae and showed each of the different errors it had in their essays. In the article Inventing the University, Bartholomae states, the privilege of being insiders that is, of being both inside an established and powerful discourse, and of being granted a special right to speak. Hes sees writing as a way of thinking or know about a certain topic. The mistakes he pointed out are common, but Bartholomae gives advice on how to fix them in inventing the university he states, to speak with authority
with power and wisdom (7). Bartholomae way to improve college-level material is to persuade the audience and take over the topic. He goes over a concept called the commonplace, He defines it as a culturally or institutionally authorized concept or statement that carries with it its own necessary elaboration (7). We should use commonplace to help us focus on writing, have a better understanding of the audiences knowledge, position and write for the reader and not the writer.
Furthermore, the use of intertextuality and discourse community can improve college-level writing. Porter explains his intertextuality theory, in the article Intertextuality and the Discourse Community Porter explains the two types of intertextuality are iter
ability (or repeatability) and presupposition (or assumptions a text makes about its referent, its readers, and its context). The iterability is what marks the intention of the writer, its what the writer is going to repeat in the essay multiple times. And the presupposition helps the writer make a connection within the essay. He uses the Declaration of Independence as an example he explains that it cannot be considered original work. It was written from other ideas with the same purpose and audience, he got all his ideas and phrases from others, but it wasnt considered plagiarism., We must rethink on what plagiarism is in writing because thats when real creativity happens. To write college-level material we need to form a purpose or argument but without any knowledge on the subject, a proper paper cant be produced. Plagiarism is inevitable based on Porters ideas because research is needed before an opinion or argument can be synthesized. The discourse community, Porter defines discourse community as a group of individuals bounded by a common interest who communicate through approved channels and whose discourse is regulated. Connect ourselves in communities or people with the same subject that can influence our work. We should find our discourse community, to find that acceptability that our work needs to become better writer able to write college-level material.